What was the cause for the division of Islam into Sunni and Shi'a?

Disagreement on the meaning and role of the Caliph.

Disagreement on the meaning of "Sunna."

Disagreement on how leaders should be elected.

Conflict over who should be the next Prophet.

In which of the following pairs of archeological sites in Ethiopia did scientists make major discoveries of the Genus Homo?

The Afar region and the Omo valley

In what ways did the Almoravid and the Almohad movements strengthen Islam in North Africa?

Re-established "pure" Islam in both belief and community life.

Continuously conducted military campaigns against non-Muslims.

Formed alliance with Christians against others religion followers.

Gradually attracted non-Muslim community to Islam.

How did Mansa Musa demonstrate the power and wealth of the Empire of Mali during the Great Africa?

By undertaking a pilgrimage to Mecca and through his generous gifts from gold.

By sponsoring the writings of a chronicle about his Islamic activities in Mecca.

By sponsoring the building of rest homes for pilgrims traveling to Mecca.

By offering protection to merchants who traveled the Trans-Saharan Trade.

Gobezoch › Past exams › History

Grade 12 History national exam, 2017 E.C. (2025 G.C.)

99 questions · 120 minutes. The first 5 answers are shown with explanations; sit the whole paper timed in the app to get your score and the textbook page behind every question.

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1.What was the cause for the division of Islam into Sunni and Shi'a?
- A. Disagreement on the meaning of "Sunna."
- B. Disagreement on the meaning and role of the Caliph.
- C. Disagreement on how leaders should be elected.
- D. Conflict over who should be the next Prophet.
Answer: B. The split happened after the Prophet Muhammad died in 632, and the question was who should hold the office of Caliph and what that office meant. The Shi'a held that leadership belonged to the Prophet's family through Ali, his cousin and son in law; the Sunni accepted a Caliph chosen by the agreement of the community. Option D fails because no group expected a new prophet. Muslims regard Muhammad as the last prophet, so the quarrel was about succession to leadership, not prophethood. Textbook: Grade 11, unit 4 · section 4.3.
2.In which of the following pairs of archeological sites in Ethiopia did scientists make major discoveries of the Genus Homo?
- A. The Afar region and the Omo valley
- B. The Awash and Omo valleys
- C. Aksum and the Awash valley
- D. Aksum and Melka Kunture
Answer: B. Textbook: Grade 9, unit 1 · section 1.3.1.
3.In what ways did the Almoravid and the Almohad movements strengthen Islam in North Africa?
- A. Continuously conducted military campaigns against non-Muslims.
- B. Re-established "pure" Islam in both belief and community life.
- C. Formed alliance with Christians against others religion followers.
- D. Gradually attracted non-Muslim community to Islam.
Answer: B. The question tests how these movements strengthened Islam in North Africa. They promoted a return to what they saw as pure Islam in belief and community life. A is not the shared main method: although the Almoravids fought Christian states, the movements also focused on reforming Muslim belief and life. C is wrong because forming alliances with Christians was not their way of strengthening Islam. D is wrong because gradual conversion of non-Muslims was not the central reform described. Textbook: Grade 11, unit 4 · section 4.3.
4.What is the distinctive mark and achievement of Great Zimbabwe?
- A. Impressive stone building
- B. Creatively crafted metal tools
- C. Developed Ghana literature
- D. Irrigation-based agriculture
Answer: A. The question tests the distinctive achievement of Great Zimbabwe. Its most notable feature is its impressive stone buildings. B is wrong because crafted metal tools are not its distinctive mark; C is wrong because Ghanaian literature is unrelated to Great Zimbabwe's main achievement; D is wrong because irrigation-based agriculture is not the feature highlighted. Textbook: Grade 11, unit 6 · section 6.1.
5.How did Mansa Musa demonstrate the power and wealth of the Empire of Mali during the Great Africa?
- A. By sponsoring the writings of a chronicle about his Islamic activities in Mecca.
- B. By undertaking a pilgrimage to Mecca and through his generous gifts from gold.
- C. By sponsoring the building of rest homes for pilgrims traveling to Mecca.
- D. By offering protection to merchants who traveled the Trans-Saharan Trade.
Answer: B. The question tests how Mansa Musa showed Mali's wealth during his pilgrimage to Mecca. He made the pilgrimage and gave away large amounts of gold. A is wrong because sponsoring a chronicle was not how he demonstrated wealth on the journey; C is wrong because building rest homes was not the key example; D is wrong because protecting trade was not the demonstration asked about. Textbook: Grade 11, unit 5 · section 5.4.
6.Why did Great Britain begin to advocate the abolitionist movement of the 19th century? Because
- A. Free trade was confronted with the major slave trader states.
- B. Humanitarian actors condemned slavery as an evil act.
- C. Seasons of civil unrest began aggravated majority of the population.
- D. Industrialization forced them to abandon the use of slave labor.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
7.What was the major cause for the decline and eventual downfall of the Kingdom of Kongo?
- A. Competition of the land and other resources
- B. Focus on warfare rather than production
- C. Prolonged Portuguese activities
- D. Miscommunication by the Manikongo
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
8.What attracted the Dutch to initially settle at the southern tip of Africa?
- A. Abundance of minerals including diamonds.
- B. The exceptionally good weather in the region.
- C. The presence of a strong state power in the region.
- D. Desire to supply food items to passing ships.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
9.Which of the following is correct about the relationship between the sultanates of Ifat and Adal?
- A. The former conquered the latter after nearly a century of resistance.
- B. Both were established at different times from the Walasma family.
- C. The ruling classes had a tradition of establishing marriage alliances.
- D. They were leaders of the alliance against the Christian kingdom.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
10.What factor contributed to the success of Yekuno Amlak in overthrowing the Zagwe Dynasty?
- A. The relatively advanced weapons he possessed.
- B. The popular support of the local community he enjoyed.
- C. The military strength of Yekuno Amlak over the Zagwe.
- D. The internal administration within the Zagwe.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
11.Between which European countries did the alliance system begin to isolate each other?
- A. Russia-Britain antagonism
- B. France-German rivalry
- C. German-Ottoman rivalry
- D. Italian-British opposition
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
12.What signifies the February Russian Revolution of 1917?
- A. Tzar Nicholas was overthrown and reforms began
- B. Bolsheviks seized political power.
- C. Soviets' abilities in the people's demand.
- D. Soldiers in Petrograd began a strike.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
13.Which of the following alliance groups finally formed the "Axis powers" on the eve of WWII?
- A. Anglo-French allied party
- B. Allied powers
- C. Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
- D. Entente powers
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
14.Which one of the following principal organs of the United Nations is concerned with developing nations?
- A. The General Assembly
- B. The Trusteeship Council
- C. The International Court of Justice
- D. The Economic and Social Council
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
15.Why are the "Third World" countries referred to as Non-Aligned?
- A. They were neutral in both World Wars.
- B. They were advanced economically and militarily.
- C. They joined either NATO or Warsaw Pact military camp.
- D. They did not align with either the Eastern or Western blocs during the Cold War.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
16.What was the major characteristic of the Cold War?
- A. Armament race between the two Blocks
- B. Establishment of the Non-Aligned movement
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
17.Which of the following was NOT part of the arguments made by Ethiopia after WWII for Eritrea to be part of it?
- A. Eritrea was the breadbasket for Ethiopia.
- B. Eritrea was historically part of Ethiopia.
- C. Italy used Eritrea as a base for aggression.
- D. Ethiopia needed access to the Red Sea.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
18.What was the main cause for peasant rebellion in Ethiopia against the imperial regime?
- A. Predominance of ethnic sentiments
- B. Opposition to taxation of land
- C. Irregularly centralized authority
- D. Foreign agitation and subversion
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
19.Why did the Imperial Government of Ethiopia revise the Constitution in 1955?
- A. To impress African leaders
- B. To celebrate the Jubilee
- C. To shift toward constitutional monarchy
- D. To incorporate Eritrea
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
20.When did the Derg officially depose Emperor Haile Selassie I?
- A. September 1975
- B. February 1974
- C. September 1974
- D. January 1975
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
21.Which one of the following is a primary source for historians?
- A. History books
- B. Oral traditions
- C. Novels
- D. Eyewitness accounts
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
22.In which of the following pairs of archaeological sites in Ethiopia were hominid remains (Homo) discovered?
- A. The Awash and Omo Valleys
- B. Melka Kunture and Axum Valley
- C. Axum and Awash Valley
- D. Aksum and Awash Valley
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
23.Which early state in the Horn of Africa is mentioned in Egyptian documents?
- A. Arrebiat
- B. Damat
- C. Punt
- D. Zagwe
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
24.Where is the origin of ancient Chinese civilization?
- A. Yellow River
- B. Hwang Ho Valley
- C. Yangtze Valley
- D. Tigris River
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
25.What achievement did ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China have in common?
- A. Sale by religious leaders
- B. Construction of huge tombs
- C. Development of writing systems
- D. Peaceful relations with neighbors
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
26.Which of the following is true about Christianity in Aksum?
- A. It suffered persecution
- B. It spread rapidly after becoming a state religion
- C. It weakened kings
- D. It was introduced by Egyptian monks
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
27.Which practice did Islam inherit from pre-Islamic Arabs?
- A. Peaceful relations
- B. Separation of religion and state
- C. The system of counting time
- D. Respect for Ka'aba
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
28.What weakened the Zagwe dynasty politically?
- A. Conflict over succession
- B. Diversity among the ruled
- C. Outside competition
- D. Opposition from priests
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
29.Why did the Christian kingdom adopt the guild system after the restoration?
- A. To increase productivity through organized land use
- B. To recognize Agaw people's rights
- C. To resist external threats
- D. To address internal ethnic challenges
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
30.What best characterizes the relationship between Muslim Sultanates and others in Ethiopia during the medieval period?
- A. Commercial
- B. Conflict and competition
- C. Military alliances
- D. Insignificant interaction
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
31.What caused the 1977/78 war between Somalia and Ethiopia?
- A. Desire to annex Djibouti
- B. Border disagreements
- C. Ethiopian political weakness
- D. Somalia’s claim to Ogaden
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
32.What was the political situation in French West Africa after 1945?
- A. Africans demanded conditional independence
- B. French blocked local participation
- C. Nationalists demanded full independence
- D. French promised conditional independence
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
33.What indicates economic failure in post-independence Africa?
- A. Failure to solve food crises
- B. Debt to Western nations
- C. Exporting European-demanded cash crops
- D. Weak industry sector
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
34.What was the key factor in defeating apartheid in South Africa?
- A. Armed struggle and global support
- B. UN condemnations
- C. Security council demonstrations
- D. Reforms in the constitution
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
35.Where did Pan-Africanism first gain momentum?
- A. America and West Africa
- B. Northern and Western Africa
- C. The Americas and the Caribbean
- D. Eastern and North-Western Africa
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
36.What was common in Ethiopian elections after the 1995 Constitution?
- A. Opposition won in the capital
- B. Ruling party always formed government
- C. Ruling party won all seats
- D. Few political parties participated
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
37.What limits the use of indigenous knowledge to solve modern problems?
- A. It's monopolized
- B. It’s outdated
- C. It’s undemocratic
- D. Lack of documentation
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
38.Why is indigenous knowledge considered an asset?
- A. It’s modern and up to date
- B. It reflects cultural uniqueness
- C. It is narrow in use
- D. It depends on ancient ideas
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
39.How did the Arab world repay the Muslims who spread Islam?
- A. with the first Masjid ever built was Masjid Al Noor
- B. for the most decorated Masjid by Akum Mosque
- C. were the most decorated Mosaics
- D. was the most decorated Mercited by Akum Mosques.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
40.Which European rivalry caused WWI?
- A. Italy and Germany
- B. Britain and France
- C. Austria and Russia
- D. Germany and France
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
41.What made the Maji Maji rebellion in Tanganyika unique?
- A. It defended sovereignty
- B. It responded to economic oppression
- C. It led to colonization
- D. It resisted German colonialism under spiritual unity
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
42.How can the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1935-36 be evaluated in the history of Italo-Ethiopian conflicts?
- A. A major cause for war.
- B. An unrelated cause for war.
- C. A weak cause for war.
- D. An Italian pretext for war.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
43.Which of the following was an immediate consequence in Ethiopia for joining WWII on the side of the Allied Powers (against Nazi Germany)?
- A. Italy's joining WWII on the side of Nazi Germany.
- B. Ethiopia became fully independent.
- C. Direct foreign support for the patriots.
- D. Easy restoration of the Emperor to his throne.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
44.Which of the following is NOT directly related to the Six-Day Arab-Israeli War in 1967?
- A. The designation of Jerusalem as an international city.
- B. The increase of Palestinian refugees in neighboring countries.
- C. The declaration of war by allied Arab armies on Israel.
- D. Israeli occupation of Sinai in Egypt.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
45.What was an immediate outcome following the "referendum" allowed by the French government in 1958?
- A. All the French colonies gained independence.
- B. All colonies remained within the French community.
- C. France stopped providing aid to colonies.
- D. Guinea became fully independent.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
46.In which of the following aspects had the OAU achieved the most success?
- A. In achieving African unity.
- B. In ending colonialism.
- C. In promoting Pan-Africanism.
- D. In promoting integration.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
47.In what way did the British contribute to the consolidation of autocracy in Ethiopia between 1841 and 1855?
- A. Organized the Imperial Body Guard.
- B. Established the Kapon custom.
- C. Established the Police Force.
- D. Founded the Ethiopian Airlines.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
48.What was the main fact that encouraged students to protest with the slogan "Land to the Tiller"?
- A. Feudal exploitation that they witnessed during community service.
- B. Marxian ideology encouraged them to oppose inequality.
- C. They aimed at rallying the rural population to their side.
- D. The leaders of the Land Union created the issue for political purposes.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
49.Which one of the following groups began to take actions that seriously endangered the power of the Emperor?
- A. Workers' strike.
- B. Military officers.
- C. Teachers' strike.
- D. Student Movement.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
50.What was the key element that facilitated Muslim Sultanates' formation in Eastern, Southern, and Central Ethiopia?
- A. Settlement of Muslim Arabs.
- B. The influence of long-distance trade routes.
- C. The coming of Arab refugees.
- D. Availability of imported firearms.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
51.What did the Medieval Kingdoms of Kaffa and Yem have in common?
- A. Economy was supplemented by trade.
- B. Both had central governments.
- C. Both had the same culture.
- D. Rulers' families belonged to the same dynasty.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
52.What accounted for the involvement of the Portuguese and Ottoman Turks in the conflict between the Christian Kingdom and Adal in the 16th century?
- A. Libne Dingil and Imam Ahmed had ties with the respective rulers.
- B. Both were interested in restoring peace to the region.
- C. Both rivaled for commercial dominance of the Red Sea coast.
- D. Each felt that it had the duty to support their co-religionists.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
53.How did the Mogassa system facilitate the Oromo population movement in the 16th century and after?
- A. Boosted the morale of Oromo warriors with motivational songs.
- B. Weakened the power of groups they came into contact with.
- C. Encouraged non-Oromo groups to accept Oromo customs.
- D. Increased the Oromo military number over others.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
54.Which of the following refers to the 16th-century Oromo and Ennarya relation?
- A. Ennarya was assimilated into the Oromo finally
- B. They were strong commercial allies.
- C. They made a strong campaign against their enemies.
- D. Ennarya was once reduced to a tributary by the Oromo.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
55.Which of the following is correct about the Kingdom of Sonni?
- A. The economy was dependent on the production of cash crops.
- B. There had been religious intolerance during the period.
- C. It organized a successful resistance against the expansion of Kaffa.
- D. Its dynasty claimed descent from Emperor Yishak.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
56.Which of the following was a characteristic of the Zemene Mesafint?
- A. The Medieval church strengthened to resolve internal divisions.
- B. The kings became powerful at the expense of regional lords.
- C. The remnants of the Gondar dynasty remained to govern, say the Yaju.
- D. The Warassek were the dominant political family of the period.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
57.What was the major motivation of European travelers since 1800 with grave consequences for Africa?
- A. Spreading Christianity with missionary zeal.
- B. Discovering new areas for scientific motivations
- C. Preparing the ground for colonial conquest
- D. Enhancing friendly relations with African states.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
58.How did "The Boston Tea Party" bring about the American War of Independence?
- A. Triggered anti-British protests by the colonists.
- B. Brought a dramatic length to the colonists' discussions.
- C. Increased the price of tea for export in the colonies.
- D. Served as a communication link with the French.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
59.In which of the following aspects of French and European life did Napoleon influence as a model mark?
- A. Education system
- B. Election system
- C. Bureaucratic system
- D. Legal system
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
60.How did Ottoman Turkey diminish European dominance in the Mediterranean region in the 15th and 16th centuries?
- A. Expanded Christianity in the region.
- B. Conquered vast territories of the region.
- C. Spread the Turkish language.
- D. Refused to trade with Europeans.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
61.Which of the following was the correct match of the Renaissance philosopher's achievement?
- A. Michelangelo painted Mona Lisa.
- B. Daniel wrote the idea of Utopia.
- C. Erasmus studied human anatomy.
- D. Copernicus wrote the Divine Comedy.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
62.What was the factor for the revived resistance of Muslim sultanates against the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia from the 14th century onwards?
- A. Increased support from overseas trade.
- B. Supply of arms from the outside world.
- C. Strong religious commitment to the south.
- D. Strategic relocation to the Harar plateau.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
63.Where was the political and religious center of the Oromo people before they began their movement?
- A. Oda Malabu
- B. Mada Walabu
- C. Oda Bultum
- D. Oda Bisil
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
64.What was the consequence of the introduction of Catholicism to Ethiopia?
- A. It supported the growth of urban settlements.
- B. It contributed to the expansion of Christianity.
- C. It led to a bloody civil war in the Christian kingdom.
- D. It served to counter the growing tide of Islamic expansion.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
65.Which one of the following indicates the importance of the strategic location of Gondar city?
- A. Served as a tourist center for its attractive urban structure.
- B. Linked trade routes from the interior to Massawa and Metemma.
- C. Helped to develop a free harbor around the Red Sea region.
- D. Enabled the kings to oversee all conspiracies spread against them.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
66.Which state reached the peak of its power during the rule of Askia Mohamed?
- A. Mali
- B. Ghana
- C. Songhay
- D. Kanem-Bornu
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
67.When did Europeans begin to raid African slaves during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
- A. They were encouraged by African rulers to buy slaves.
- B. The Native American Indians refused to serve as slaves in plantations.
- C. They believed Africans were naturally hard workers.
- D. They needed labor when white slaves were unable to resist hardships.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
68.What was the factor for the consolidation of capitalism in Modern Europe in the 17th–18th centuries?
- A. The equality between workers and proletariat.
- B. The shift from feudal to wage labor.
- C. The resistance of workers to factory owners.
- D. The discovery of new sources of raw materials.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
69.Why did foreign powers interfere in the French Revolution in 1793?
- A. Attempted to overthrow the monarchy.
- B. Supported the revolutionist power.
- C. Feared that the revolution would expand to their countries.
- D. Hired victims of France's province to Austria.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
70.What archeological change expanded the scope of Ethiopian history studies since the 1960s?
- A. Adoption of techniques for collecting/evaluating oral sources.
- B. Establishment of local historical associations.
- C. Development of quantitative data methods.
- D. Beginning of archeological studies in southern Ethiopia.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
71.Which one of the following refers to the primary use of history?
- A. Forget past mistakes.
- B. Plan for today.
- C. Understand the past.
- D. Imagine the future.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
72.What is the chief argument of the scientific theory of human evolution?
- A. Humans created in evolution remained, created or determined.
- B. Humans were created but continued to evolve over time.
- C. There are humans are never more evolved.
- D. Humans evolved from lower beings in a natural process.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
73.What is the major difference between Confucianism and Legalism in ancient Chinese philosophy?
- A. The former emphasized personal responsibility, while the latter emphasized authority.
- B. The former was about order while the latter was about competition.
- C. The former took a written form while the latter was militaristic.
- D. The former was about grievance of the poor while the latter was about privilege of the rich.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
74.Which of the following attracted particularly the poor and contributed to the spread of Christianity?
- A. The collaboration of missionaries with the political leadership.
- B. The promise of a happy life on earth through the blessing of faith.
- C. The harsh persecution of Christians by the vast Roman Empire.
- D. The teaching that emphasized the equality of all men before God.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
75.Which of the following list of languages belongs to the Omotic family?
- A. Kembata, Wolaita, Burji, Libido
- B. Gamo, Gofa, Ubukie, Dessanach
- C. Gamo, Kaffa, Kaffa, Shinesha
- D. Dizi, Ari, Sheko, Gedeo
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
76.Which of the following is true about the ancient state of Da'mat?
- A. It had a very strong relation with South Arabia.
- B. It left not any evidence to verify its achievements.
- C. It started as a settlement of South Arabian immigrants.
- D. It started as a province of the Aksumite state
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
77.What was the nature of the relationship between the Kingdom of Damot and its neighbors?
- A. While it had peaceful relations with the Christian kingdom, it was involved.
- B. It had both peaceful and conflict relations with both the Muslim and Christian states.
- C. The descendants of its ruler Motalami went on to establish both Christian and Muslim
- D. Its interest in expanding trade across the region made it an exception partner for both Muslims and Christians.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
78.Which one of the following was the bright feature of the European Middle Ages?
- A. Feudalism brought about order and stability.
- B. There was an increase in the number of peasants.
- C. Europeans defended themselves against Islam.
- D. Noble women played significant roles.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
79.What was the basic factor for the decline of the manorial system in Western Europe?
- A. The development of Banks and Guilds
- B. The convergence of capitalism
- C. The beginning of monetization system
- D. The revival of trade and towns
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
80.What was the major organizational change that made the Industrial Revolution possible?
- A. Establishment of government offices to support industry
- B. Development of factories and the hiring of workers
- C. Development of new markets for mass production
- D. Adequacy of cheap and abundant human labor in Europe
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
81.What was the major factor that hindered Germany's unification prior to 1871?
- A. Poor national economy and backward outlook
- B. Absence of determined leadership to take risks
- C. German princes wanted to remain independent
- D. Resolve of the princess to remain independent
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
82.What were the two major theories of the so-called "Eastern Question"?
- A. Russian expansionism and the gradual decline of Ottoman Turkey
- B. Armenian nationalism and the rise of tensions for European Turkey
- C. Russian expansionism and growing weakness and the spread of Islam in Eastern Europe
- D. Nationalism for Ottomans Turkey and the decline of Austria-Hungary
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
83.Which of the following was NOT among the items of "Legitimate Trade" of the 19th century Africa?
- A. Groundnuts
- B. Slaves
- C. Palm
- D. Gum
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
84.What was the final outcome of the French and British systems of colonial rule in Africa?
- A. They were culturally assimilated in the British than in the French.
- B. They were autonomous under the French than under the British.
- C. They were integrated to the colonial system in both cases.
- D. They divided into clan in the British than under French system.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
85.Which one of the following was the major area of reform of Tewodros II?
- A. Government and administrative structure
- B. Military organization and armaments
- C. Agriculture and trade reform
- D. Religion and culture reform
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
86.How did the Land Tenure systems of the Imperial regime of Ethiopia affect economic development of the country?
- A. Peasants produced less due to exploitation.
- B. Precoched the utilization of cash crop farming.
- C. Not allowed the buying and selling of land.
- D. Subjected big land owners to heavy taxation.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
87.Why was the victory of Adwa in final unique development in Africa?
- A. It served as an emblem for others African states to end colonialism.
- B. It was the only case in which African army defeated European.
- C. It increased the prestige and standing of Ethiopia globally.
- D. It convinced Europeans that Ethiopia was truly distinctive.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
88.Which of the following refers to the weakness of Lij lyasu?
- A. Exercised nil power by his own regret.
- B. Poor political relationship with the Germans.
- C. Lack of attention to the Ethiopian orthodox.
- D. Failed to even the support of the Church.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
89.Which of the following helped the Fascist force to score victory against the Ethiopian army in the 1935-36 war?
- A. Relationship and inability of Emperor to the Selassie
- B. Conflict and rivalry among Ethiopian regional leaders.
- C. Applications of new in military technology and armaments
- D. Cooperation and support that they got free from European traitors
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
90.How did the peoples of Italy and Germany succeed to form a nation state?
- A. Either through negotiations or European continental forums.
- B. Both through peaceful amalgamation and wars with neighbors.
- C. Either through sincere dialogues or the use of international courts.
- D. Both through the with leaders and the support of the masses.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
91.How did European industrial capitalism hasten the partition of the African continent in the late 19th century? It
- A. urgently sought the exploitation of the available cheap labor.
- B. highlighted the unsettled land for settlement of growing population.
- C. urged for the integration of the continent with the world market.
- D. increased the demand for the abundant African raw materials.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
92.Which of the following is a correct lineup of market centers along the north-south trade route of 19th century Ethiopia?
- A. Bonga–Basso–Roge–Gondar
- B. Jiren–Soiddo–Basso–Matamma
- C. Bonga–Soiddo–Roge–Harar
- D. Jiren–Assaratabor–Gondar–Matamma
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
93.What was the historical value of the Ethiopian victory over Egypt at the:
- A. Endorsed that the military hase potential to win Egypt yet
- B. Endorsed that the courageous and unity of Ethiopians
- C. Raised that the courageous and unity of Ethiopians.
- D. Enhanced the winning mentality of Ethiopia both at early battles.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
94.What was the major point on which Emperor Emperor Tewodros II and the Christian on leaders contributed to his downfall? He
- A. attempted to enforce nationalization.
- B. aimed to dominate an Ethiopian native patriarchs.
- C. aimed to dominate an Ethiopian native patris land.
- D. desired to limit the role of the Church in local administration
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
95.Which one of the following was the consequence of Menelik II's expansion to the south and south-west periphery?
- A. It led to the establishment of Eritrea as an Italian colony
- B. It completed the integration of southern and eastern groups.
- C. It completed the cultural assimilation of the vast map of Ethiopia.
- D. It paved the way for the creation of a uniform snap of Ethiopia.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
96.What was the most characteristic of "Diarchy rule" period in Ethiopian history?
- A. The Womencrownedasthefirst Empress in the Ethiopian politics.
- B. The ruling class divided into Conservatives and progressives camps.
- C. The head coded as hadthe final code for deciding power.
- D. The Minster of Ware Habib Girgis Dinagde remained neutral
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
97.What was the aim of the 1906 Tripartite Treaty?
- A. Allowed Italy to realize its ambition of colonizing of Ethiopia.
- B. Maintained Ethiopia's Sovereignty even after the death of Menilik
- C. Arranged the partition Ethiopia among three European powers.
- D. Approved the protection of White people in Ethiopia.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
98.Which one of the following is true about the administration of the Ethiopian Empire between 1889 and 1935?
- A. It was organized of central and hereditary rule.
- B. It was completely centralized.
- C. It handled carefully between the Church and the State.
- D. It was predominantly hereditary.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
99.How did the Ashanti Empire resort against the British colonial process
- A. resisted the British for more than two decades?
- B. had shown little interest of fighting the British.
- C. suffered British trickery to become a British colony.
- D. First agreed to be under the Protectorate of Britain
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.

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