Which statement describes the concept of economic development?

Improvement in the living condition of the people

Increase in the amount of total agricultural production

Increase in the total amount of manufactured goods

Progress in the process of industrial domestic product

Which one shows the agricultural production of Africa?

Africa is rich in tropical crops demanded in world markets

The continent produces huge amounts of temperate zone crops

It is dominated by the production of commercial crops

It is mainly carried out through irrigation systems

Gobezoch › Past exams › Geography

Grade 12 Geography national exam, 2016 E.C. (2024 G.C.)

94 questions · 120 minutes. The first 5 answers are shown with explanations; sit the whole paper timed in the app to get your score and the textbook page behind every question.

Sit this paper (timed)Practice mode

1.Which soil types of Africa have high humus content?
- A. Ferrasols
- B. Lixisols
- C. Luvlsols
- D. Nitosols
Answer: D. Textbook: Grade 9, unit 3 · section 3.4.2.
2.Which one of the following describes the sex structure of the African population?
- A. In the Sub-Saharan Africa, the sex ratio is below the world's mean
- B. In Uganda, there is a balanced number of males and females
- C. In the Sub-Saharan Africa, there are more males than females
- D. In Guinea, the number of female births exceeds that of male births
3.Which one describes a population characteristic of southern African as compared to other regions?
- A. Lowest life expectancy
- B. Highest natural increase
- C. Lowest immigration rate
- D. Highest crude death rate
Answer: A. Textbook: Grade 10, unit 4 · section 4.2.
4.Which statement describes the concept of economic development?
- A. Increase in the amount of total agricultural production
- B. Improvement in the living condition of the people
- C. Increase in the total amount of manufactured goods
- D. Progress in the process of industrial domestic product
Answer: B. Economic development means improvement in people's well-being, not only an increase in production. Better living conditions are therefore the best description. A and C describe increases in particular types of production; D is unclear and does not describe people's well-being. Textbook: Grade 12, unit 4 · section 4.4.
5.Which one of the following is a good opportunity for the development of the African continent? The availability of
- A. skilled labor force
- B. political stability
- C. foreign aid and loan
- D. abundant natural resources
Answer: D. The question tests which resource offers Africa an opportunity for development. Abundant natural resources can support economic activities and development. Skilled labour is not available in abundance everywhere; political stability is not a resource; foreign aid and loans are not the continent's own resource base. Textbook: Grade 10, unit 5 · section 5.2.
6.Which one shows the agricultural production of Africa?
- A. Africa is rich in tropical crops demanded in world markets
- B. The continent produces huge amounts of temperate zone crops
- C. It is dominated by the production of commercial crops
- D. It is mainly carried out through irrigation systems
Answer: A. The question tests an important feature of Africa’s agricultural production. Africa grows tropical crops such as cocoa and coffee that are sold in world markets. Temperate-zone crops do not make up huge amounts of its production; most farming is subsistence, meaning crops are grown mainly for the farmer’s household; and farming is not mainly done with irrigation. Textbook: Grade 9, unit 5 · section 5.1.
7.What is the effect of latitude on ecosystem diversity? Ecosystem diversity
- A. increases as we go from the equator to the poles
- B. decreases from the poles towards the equator
- C. remains similar wherever we go mainly due to the effect of altitude
- D. decreases gradually when we travel from the equator to Tundra
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
8.Which statement refers to the trends of population growth of the world?
- A. The total number of human population was about 4 billion at the beginning of the 1900s
- B. Population growth was quite low before 5000BC mainly because of war and use of contraceptives
- C. Rapid population growth was recorded for the first time when humans started to domesticate animals
- D. Population growth has been constantly increasing since 5000BC because of economic diversification
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
9.Which physical factor positively influences the distribution of human population?
- A. Expansion of industrial development
- B. Optimum temperature and rainfall
- C. High natural increase of human population
- D. High relief with very high humidity
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
10.Which one of the following describes the level of urbanization in the world?
- A. Africa has higher urban population than other developing regions
- B. Developing regions have higher urban population than the world's average
- C. Japan has the highest percentage of urban population
- D. Europe has the second highest percentage of urban population
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
11.Among the following zones of Ethiopia, which one is densely populated?
- A. East Hararge
- B. Gedeo
- C. Assosa
- D. Agnewak
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
12.What will happen by 2030 if the current population growth rate of Ethiopia continues in the same trend?
- A. The size of the population will be quadrupled
- B. The population density will remain the same
- C. The population will be evenly distributed across the country
- D. The population will exert pressure on the available infrastructure
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
13.Which economic system is criticized for allowing some groups to accumulate huge wealth and play a decisive role in the economy?
- A. Command
- B. Free market
- C. Mixed
- D. Traditional
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
14.What is the main task of the World Trade Organization?
- A. It enforces regulations related to free trade agreements
- B. It provides a framework on how to produce exportable items
- C. It practically protects professional workers' rights
- D. It directly puts sanctions in a sovereign country when it violates laws
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
15.What is the method of extracting metallic minerals from soil called?
- A. Quarrying
- B. Placer mining
- C. Strip mining
- D. Surface mining
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
16.What is the major cause of Africa being unable to exploit its potential resources?
- A. Inappropriate allocation of resources
- B. Unfavorable climate
- C. Inadequate revenue from resources
- D. Political instability
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
17.Which continent is included in the Eurasian plate?
- A. North Africa
- B. Australia
- C. Part of Asia
- D. Part of South America
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
18.Which landmass is formed through the convergence of two oceanic plates?
- A. The Mariana volcanic feature
- B. The Himalayas mountain
- C. The East African rift valley
- D. The San Andreas Fault
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
19.What is the principal agent for the chemical weathering of rocks?
- A. Glacier
- B. Rain water
- C. Thermal expansion
- D. Cold temperature
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
20.Which one of the following country is found in the 'ring of fire' zone?
- A. Norway
- B. Brazil
- C. United Kingdom
- D. Peru
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
22.Which one is the effect of climate change in the tropical parts of the world?
- A. predictable rainfall
- B. crop yield
- C. snow covers
- D. frequency of drought
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
23.Which statement shows the trend of world climate change?
- A. Temperature has declined in temperate regions since the 1970s
- B. Precipitation has increased all over the globe since the 1980s
- C. The average global temperature has increased over the past century
- D. The global climate fluctuates at the same rate
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
24.Which one of the following relates to the economic policies of Ethiopia?
- A. Encouraging over-exploitation of fossil fuels
- B. Promoting regional administration in economic management
- C. Focusing on shifting urban labor force to rural-based economy
- D. Emphasizing on an economic system fully controlled by the state
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
25.In which geological Era is the rift valley of Ethiopia formed?
- A. The Paleozoic Era
- B. The Mesozoic Era
- C. The Cenozoic Era
- D. The Precambrian Era
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
26.Which part of the earth's physical environment is referred to as the 'life zone'?
- A. The atmosphere
- B. The biosphere
- C. The lithosphere
- D. The hydrosphere
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
27.Which one of the following is the basic characteristic of metamorphic rock?
- A. It is produced from igneous rock through pressure
- B. It is mostly created when lava freezes
- C. It is composed of newly-deposited soil particles
- D. It is produced from sedimentary rock through cooling
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
28.Which soil type is found in an area where evaporation is high?
- A. Nitosols
- B. Solanchaks
- C. Vertisols
- D. Cambisols
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
29.Where is the highest mean annual temperature recorded?
- A. The Dallol depression
- B. The Baro lowlands
- C. The Elkeri plains
- D. The Ghlbe lowlands
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
30.Which part of Ethiopia is in high drought probability zone?
- A. Gojjam
- B. Wellega
- C. Afar
- D. Guji
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
31.Which physical element is the base to conduct a regional study?
- A. Religion
- B. Culture
- C. Climate
- D. Language
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
32.Which statement describes the equatorial rainforest region?
- A. It forms a continuous belt around the world
- B. It receives high amount of rainfall throughout the year
- C. Its annual range of temperature exceeds the daily range
- D. It is dominated by deciduous forests
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
33.Which one explains about the lowlands of Ethiopia?
- A. They are found in between 1000-2000 m heights
- B. Lowlands are situated at the center of the country
- C. Tekeze occupies the floor of the rift valley
- D. Kobar sink is the lowest place in the country
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
34.What characterizes the physical environment of the Tundra Region?
- A. It is known for its low temperature and rainfall throughout the year
- B. It is a densely populated region where Eskimos and Lapps are found
- C. In area of low snow cover, all plants grow during the summer season
- D. It is found both in the northern and southern hemispheres
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
35.What is the effect of advancement in transport and communication on the location of economic activities?
- A. It encourages people to deliver their goods and services in person
- B. It enables delivery and sale of perishable goods at a reasonable price
- C. It enforces the establishment of industries where raw materials found
- D. It shows how distance and time impact on the production of goods
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
36.Which area of the world is sparsely populated mainly due to physical factor?
- A. Central Africa
- B. Peninsular Europe
- C. East Asia
- D. South Asia
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
37.Which type of economic activities involve top-level decision making?
- A. Primary activities
- B. Quinary activities
- C. Tertiary activities
- D. Secondary activities
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
38.Which statement describes the concept of land use?
- A. Human activities related to land
- B. Biophysical factors associated with land
- C. The intensity of land in the rural areas
- D. Natural factors affecting land form
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
39.When a new global pandemic occur, less developed countries can respond by
- A. letting their people resolve the crisis by themselves
- B. allocating a large proportion of their health care budget to the crisis, establishing modernized health centers in a short period of time
- C. establishing modernized health centers in a short period of time
- D. penalizing the people who are caught by the disease
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
40.Which of the following is a challenge to environmental sustainability?
- A. Use of renewable energy
- B. Slow growth of population
- C. Environmental movements
- D. Rapid urbanization
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
41.Which environmental movement focuses on preventing human-induced damage to the natural environment?
- A. Free market environmentalism
- B. Preservation and conservation
- C. Light Greens
- D. Popular environmentalism
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
42.Which one is a good practice to minimize the effects of drought?
- A. Water harvesting
- B. Intercropping
- C. Reducing overgrazing
- D. Fallowing
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
43.What is the importance of conducting research on an environmental problem?
- A. To document the types of problems
- B. To create awareness about research
- C. To address varied ecological settings
- D. To investigate causes of the problem
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
44.Which sub-section of the quantitative research approaches are used to test a given geographical theory?
- A. Action research
- B. Ethnographic research
- C. Correlational analysis
- D. Case study
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
45.Which sphere of the earth contains important minerals?
- A. Hydrosphere
- B. Lithosphere
- C. Biosphere
- D. Atmosphere
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
46.Which type of extrusive land feature is formed by volcanism?
- A. Batholith
- B. Sill
- C. Dike
- D. Caldera
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
47.Which statement describes the process of faulting?
- A. Reverse fault is normally associated with strong tensional forces
- B. Compressional crack results in the formation of normal faulting
- C. Normal faults develop under the predominant tensional forces
- D. Faulting is a process which is mainly caused by human activities
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
48.What is the type of land feature cut off from the sea by sand banks?
- A. Beach
- B. Tombolo
- C. Spit
- D. Lagoon
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
49.How is conventional rainfall formed?
- A. When moist and less dense air is forced to rise upward.
- B. When dry air forced to rise above a mountain.
- C. When cold and warm air masses meet at the front.
- D. When warm and dry air descend a mountain.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
50.What is the effect of Coriolis force on wind direction? It causes
- A. winds to bend to the left in the northern hemisphere.
- B. winds to turn to the right in the southern hemisphere.
- C. anti-cyclones to move clockwise direction in the southern hemisphere.
- D. cyclones to move clockwise direction in the southern hemisphere.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
51.Which one of the following ocean current has a cooling effect on the southwestern part of Africa?
- A. The Mexican Gulf stream
- B. The Benguela current
- C. The Canary current
- D. The Mozambique current
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
52.Which statement explains about the pressure belts of the world?
- A. Horse latitude is an area of high air pressure.
- B. Doldrums is a high pressure belt.
- C. Sub polar is an area of high air pressure.
- D. Polar high is known as 'belt of calm'.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
53.Which statement relates to theories on population growth and development?
- A. Malthusian theory stresses that food production exceeds population growth.
- B. Neo-Malthusianism asserts that socio-economic problems are solved by reducing birth rate.
- C. Ester Boserup believes that there is a strong linkage between poverty and population growth.
- D. Marxians believe that population growth causes technological development.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
54.Which statement is about population growth control practices?
- A. India ratified a child-tax policy.
- B. China supports women to have large families.
- C. Most African countries have a one-child policy.
- D. Kenya encourages a national family planning policy.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
55.Which one of the following is an indicator of social development?
- A. Gross Domestic Product
- B. Per-capita income
- C. Literacy rate
- D. Infant mortality rate
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
56.What is the effect of rapid population growth on the socio-economic progress of developing countries?
- A. Expansion of economic choices
- B. Formation of a healthy environment
- C. Abundance of life sustaining goods
- D. Incidence of widespread food insecurity
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
57.According to the behavioral approach, which one is the cause of poverty?
- A. Good performance in the work place
- B. Rational attitude towards wealth
- C. Weakness to change the sense of inability
- D. Non-violent dispute resolution
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
58.What is the type of corruption committed by a public official to make decisions by receiving money?
- A. Burglary
- B. Stealing
- C. Theft
- D. Bribery
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
59.Which one describes the elements of weather and climate in Africa?
- A. Its northern part is characterized by high rainfall throughout the year.
- B. Its northern part has maritime climate due to the influence of the sea.
- C. Its latitudinal position is the factor for the low income solar radiation.
- D. Its temperature is influenced by the presence of mountain and plateau.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
60.Globalization contributes to the economic development of developing countries mainly through
- A. providing loan.
- B. creating high tax rates.
- C. extracting raw materials.
- D. investing on poverty reduction.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
61.Trade imbalance occurs in developing countries when
- A. the amount of import item is less than that of export item.
- B. the value of goods of a country's export is higher than its import.
- C. a country borrows money to import goods for its population.
- D. a country has industries owned by foreigners.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
62.As compared to others, which climatic region of Africa shows lower seasonality?
- A. The Equatorial
- B. The Mediterranean
- C. The Tropical desert
- D. The Tropical continental
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
63.Which one of the following artificial lakes is found in Ghana?
- A. Lake Kariba
- B. Lake Volta
- C. Lake Nasser
- D. Lake Kainiji
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
64.Which type of vegetation is available in the desert areas?
- A. Vegetation having wide leaves
- B. Thick and dense canopy vegetation
- C. Vegetation having small-sized leaves
- D. Broad-leaved evergreen trees
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
65.In which climate region is the Gorilla typically found?
- A. The Equatorial rainforest
- B. The Mediterranean climate zone
- C. The Desert climate region
- D. The Savanna climate zone
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
66.Which factor significantly contributes for the African elephant to be on the verge of extinction?
- A. Deforestation
- B. Poaching
- C. Drought
- D. Wildfire
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
67.Which one of the following geographic study is addressed by the Topical Approach?
- A. Studying the physical characteristics of the rift valley of Ethiopia
- B. Identify the major socio-economic characteristics of African countries
- C. Investigating the spatial distribution of rainfall in the world
- D. Studying the economic activities and climatic conditions of Ethiopia
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
68.Which one of the following states about Applied Geography?
- A. It emphasizes on developing mathematical equations and models.
- B. It employs geographic knowledge to solve socio-economic problems.
- C. It solves geographic problems primarily using qualitative techniques.
- D. It focuses mainly on statistical techniques in geographical research.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
69.What is the common area of study between geography and sociology?
- A. Distribution and interaction of cultures
- B. Past economic activities of a society
- C. Expansion of urban areas and cities
- D. Distribution and growth of the population
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
70.Which kind of town serves as a center of financial services?
- A. Industrial town
- B. Mining towns
- C. Market town
- D. Commercial town
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
71.Which statement describes the size of Africa?
- A. It covers about one-fourth of the world's area.
- B. It is the largest continent of the world.
- C. It is larger than Europe and Antarctica put together.
- D. It is about two-thirds of South America.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
72.What makes the regions of Africa similar from the socio-economic and geopolitical points of view?
- A. They depend mainly on mechanized agriculture.
- B. Each region has direct access to the sea.
- C. In each region, about two-thirds of the population lives in urban areas.
- D. There is a strong political integration among the regions.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
73.What is the major geological event that occurred during the Cenozoic Era in Africa?
- A. The formation of the present landscape of Africa
- B. The formation of crystalline basement complex and rocks
- C. The recording of a series of denudation and peneplanation
- D. The split of the super continent Pangaea
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
74.Which typical relief feature is more dominantly found in Africa than in Europe?
- A. Plains
- B. Plateaus
- C. Mountains
- D. Hills
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
75.Which one of the following has widely been practiced as a climate change adaptation strategy in Ethiopia?
- A. Use of mass transportation
- B. Dam construction
- C. Tree plantation
- D. Electric car utilization
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
76.Which statement describes the Kyoto protocol adopted in 1997?
- A. It set compulsory goal to reduce greenhouse emission.
- B. It was successful in reducing global greenhouse gases.
- C. The USA took the lead in ratifying the agreement.
- D. It was ratified by every nation of the world.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
77.On which issues of climate change have the world leaders agreed?
- A. To encourage natural gas and fuel consumption
- B. To conduct social forestry activities
- C. To penalize countries that depends on fossil fuel
- D. To reduce emission of greenhouse gases
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
78.Which one describes the concept of sustainable development?
- A. Realizing environmental-friendly socio-economic development
- B. Improving human welfare at the expense of the environment
- C. Prioritizing good governance regardless of economic development
- D. Promoting a male-controlled socio-economic development
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
79.Which of the following is categorized as a non-renewable resource?
- A. Solar energy
- B. Coal
- C. Air
- D. Soil
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
80.What is the main cause of conflict over natural resources such as the River Nile?
- A. Political
- B. Administrative
- C. Social
- D. Legal
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
81.Which one of the following plays a decisive role to govern natural resources sustainably?
- A. Giving exclusive rights to the government in managing resources
- B. Fostering top-down decision making in resource management
- C. Prioritizing the participation of males in resource management
- D. Encouraging indigenous resource management systems
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
82.What is the main characteristic of indigenous conflict resolution practices in Ethiopia?
- A. Most of them are mainly based on written laws.
- B. Pastoralists use identical resolution mechanisms.
- C. The issue is concluded in reconciliation and harmony.
- D. It passes lengthy processes to bring about reconciliation.
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.

Question 87-90 is based on the climatic data of a hypothetical region give in table below Stations Items Months J F M A M J J A S O N D F Temp (°C) 20 20 22 25 30 32 33 33 32 30 26 23 Rainfall (mm) 19 19 17 9 3 0 0 0 0 1 4 14 Y Temp (°C) 25 27 30 33 32 29 26 26 27 29 29 26 Rainfall (mm) 1 0 3 19 56 125 219 276 178 60 3 0 G Temp (°C) 17 19 20 20 20 17 16 16 16 16 17 17 Rainfall (mm) 5 6 27 43 114 288 488 560 437 88 16 5

87.What is the annual range of temperature at station 'G'?
- A. 4°C
- B. 2°C
- C. 1°C
- D. 3°C
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
88.Which one of the following wild animal is dominantly found in station 'Y'?
- A. Crocodiles
- B. Apes
- C. Zebras
- D. Polar bears
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
89.Based on the temperature distribution, in which global pressure belt shall station 'F' be found?
- A. Equatorial low
- B. Polar highs
- C. Horse latitude
- D. Sub-tropical low
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
90.In which climate zone is station 'G' found?
- A. Equatorial
- B. Highland
- C. Tropical desert
- D. Mediterranean
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.

Question 91-94 is based on the demographic data of the hypothetical region give in table below Variables Countries R Z P Area 111,369 450,295 357,114 Total Population 5,193,416 10,415,811 83,196,078 Male population 2,585,173 5,246,680 41,049,155 Female population 2,608,243 5,169,131 42,146,923 Birth rate (per 1000) 31 17 10 Number of deaths 45,899 93,742 1,023,311 Net Migration 113,779 1,639,771 2,005,690 Number of immigrants 155,802 3,749,692 3,327,843

91.What is the population growth rate of country 'R'?
- A. 2.6%
- B. 1.8%
- C. 3.4%
- D. 4.4%
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
92.What is the sex ratio in country 'R'?
- A. 99/100 females
- B. 95/100 females
- C. 101/100 females
- D. 100/100 females
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
93.What is the crude death rate of country 'P'?
- A. 9/1000
- B. 10/1000
- C. 12/1000
- D. 7/1000
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
94.What is the rate of emigration in country 'Z'?
- A. 24%
- B. 20%
- C. 18%
- D. 22%
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.

Question 95-100 is based on the map image give in table below.

95.If the map distance between points 'P' and 'W' is 10 km, what is the corresponding field distance between them?
- A. 2 km
- B. 10 km
- C. 20 km
- D. 1 km
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
96.What represents the symbol indicated by the letter 'M'?
- A. Bridge
- B. Lake
- C. Plantation
- D. School
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
97.What is the landform represented by the letter 'K'?
- A. Valley
- B. Ridge
- C. Hill
- D. Mountain
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
98.What is the areal scale of the map?
- A. 1 cm 2 to 2 cm 2
- B. 1 cm to 4 km 2
- C. 1 cm 2 to 4 km 2
- D. 1 cm to 2 cm 2
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.
99.The type of contour line represented by the letter 'H' is
- A. index contour
- B. intermediate contour
- C. supplementary contour
- D. normal contour
Answer, explanation and textbook page: open in the app.

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